The standard assessment tool for OCD, the YaleвЂ“Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), has 13 predefined categories of symptoms.

These groups are sometimes viewed as dimensions or clusters that may reflect an underlying process. Certain groups of symptoms usually occur together. OCD can present with a wide variety of symptoms. The phrase obsessiveвЂ“compulsive is sometimes used in an informal manner unrelated to OCD to describe someone as being excessively meticulous, perfectionistic, absorbed, or otherwise fixated. Males and females are affected about equally and OCD occurs worldwide. It is unusual for symptoms to begin after the age of 35, and half of people develop problems before 20. ObsessiveвЂ“compulsive disorder affects about 2.3% of people at some point in their lives while rates during any given year are about 1.2%. Without treatment, the condition often lasts decades.

Atypical antipsychotics may be useful when used in addition to an SSRI in treatment-resistant cases but are also associated with an increased risk of side effects. While clomipramine appears to work as well as do SSRIs, it has greater side effects and thus is typically reserved as a second-line treatment. Contrary to this, metacognitive therapy encourages the ritual behaviors in order to alter the relationship to one's thoughts about them. CBT for OCD involves increasing exposure to fears and obsessions while preventing the compulsive behavior that would normally accompany the obsessions. Treatment may involve psychotherapy, such as cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), and antidepressants, such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) or clomipramine. Other disorders with similar symptoms include anxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, eating disorders, tic disorders, and obsessiveвЂ“compulsive personality disorder. Rating scales such as the YaleвЂ“Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS) can be used to assess the severity. The diagnosis is based on the symptoms and requires ruling out other drug-related or medical causes. Some cases have been documented to occur following streptococcal infections. Risk factors include a history of child abuse or other stress-inducing events. There appear to be some genetic components, with both identical twins more often affected than both non-identical twins. The condition is associated with tics, anxiety disorder, and an increased risk of suicide. They typically take up at least an hour of each day but can fill a person's day in severe cases. These compulsions occur to such a degree that the person's daily life is negatively affected.

Compulsions are performed to achieve relief from the distress caused by obsessions. Many adults with this disorder are aware that the behaviors do not make sense. Some compulsions include but are not limited to excessive hand washing or cleaning, arranging things in a particular way, having to perform actions according to specific rules, counting, constantly seeking reassurance, and compulsive checking behavior. Some common obsessions include but are not limited to fear of contamination, obsession with symmetry, and unwanted thoughts about religion, sex, and/or harm. These obsessions generate feelings of anxiety, disgust, or unease. Obsessions are unwanted and persistent thoughts, mental images or urges. ObsessiveвЂ“compulsive disorder ( OCD) is a mental and behavioral disorder in which a person has intrusive thoughts (called 'obsessions') and/or feels the need to perform certain routines repeatedly (called ' compulsions') to an extent where it induces distress or impairs one's general functioning. Medical condition ObsessiveвЂ“compulsive disorderДЇrequent and excessive hand washing occurs in some people with OCD.ДЇeel the need to check things repeatedly, perform certain routines repeatedly, have certain thoughts repeatedly ДЄnxiety disorder, major depressive disorder, eating disorders, obsessiveвЂ“compulsive personality disorder Д¬ounseling, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, clomipramine

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